Condition
Black eye (eye bruise)
Clinically reviewed · Last reviewed 2026-06-13
What it is
A black eye happens when small blood vessels under the skin around the eye leak after trauma, causing blue-black discolouration and puffiness. The bruise may spread and change colour as it heals.
Common symptoms
Symptoms follow a knock to the face or eye area.
- Swelling and bruising of the eyelids
- Discolouration that may spread to the cheek
- Tenderness and mild discomfort
- Sometimes a small cut on the skin
When to seek urgent care
Most black eyes are superficial, but a hard blow can damage the eye itself. Seek urgent assessment for double vision, blurred vision, blood inside the eye, numbness, severe pain, vomiting after head injury, or if the injury was from a high-speed object.
Self-care
Apply a cold compress for 10 to 15 minutes several times in the first 24 to 48 hours. Do not press on the eye. After 48 hours, warm compresses may help bruising fade. Avoid sport until swelling settles and vision feels normal.
Frequently asked questions
How long does a black eye take to heal?
Swelling often peaks in 48 hours and bruising usually fades over one to two weeks. See a clinician if vision is affected or pain is severe.
When is a black eye serious?
It can be serious if the blow damaged the eye or bones around it. Seek urgent care for vision changes, severe pain, blood in the eye, or head injury symptoms.
Should I put ice on a black eye?
Yes, a cold compress in the first 48 hours helps reduce swelling. Avoid pressing on the eyeball itself.